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How do banks work?Money-go-round

Get the low-down on banks to see how money can make money

How do banks work?

Banks work because we trust them. We are confident that they will keep our money safe, make it grow and give it back to us when we ask for it. But did you know that as soon as we give the bank our money, it gives it to someone else? This is because a bank is like any other business, the difference being that their product is money. Banks use money to make money.

 

How can money make money? Banks create money by giving people loans. When people put money into the bank, the bank puts this money to work by lending it out to others who then use it to buy or make other things. Buying and making things makes money and some of this money gets put back into the bank. The bank can then lend this money to yet another person and so banks make money go round.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1. Sam puts £100 into the bank to save it. Sam makes money by earning interest. 2. The bank lends £90 of Sam’s money to Matt because he wants to buy a new bike. The bank makes money by earning interest on the money it lends to Matt. 3. The bank can then lend this money to someone else, and so the money goes round. 4. The shopkeeper who sells the bike makes £50 profit (once he has paid Alex who made the bike) and puts this money into the bank.

It works the other way too. It is also possible to borrow money. In the same way as banks pay out interest for saving with them, they also charge interest for lending. For example, if someone borrows £100 for a year at an interest rate of 10%, by the end of the year they will owe £100 plus £10 interest. The total they have to pay back will be £110.

If someone wants to buy something they can’t afford, they can either save the money to buy it later or borrow the money to buy it now. But if they have to pay a lot of interest to borrow the money, they might decide not to buy it straight away.

 

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