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Date Monthly average amount outstanding of total sterling notes and coin in circulation, excluding backing assets for commercial banknote issue in Scotland and Northern Ireland (in sterling millions) seasonally adjusted
[a] [b] [c] [d] [e]
LPMAVAB 		Monthly changes of total sterling notes and coin in circulation outside the Bank of England (in sterling millions) seasonally adjusted
[c] [d] [e]
LPMAVAG 		Monthly average of amounts outstanding (on Wednesdays) of Bank of England Banking Department sterling reserves balance liabilities (in sterling millions) not seasonally adjusted
[a]
LPMBL22 		Monthly changes in monthly average of amounts outstanding (on Wednesdays) of Bank of England Banking Department sterling reserves balance liabilities (in sterling millions) not seasonally adjusted

LPMBL23 		Monthly 1 month growth rate of monthly average of amounts outstanding (on Wednesdays) of Bank of England Banking Department sterling reserves balance liabilities (in sterling millions) not seasonally adjusted

LPMBL24 		Monthly 3 month growth rate (annualised) of monthly average of amounts outstanding (on Wednesdays) of Bank of England Banking Department sterling reserves balance liabilities (in sterling millions) not seasonally adjusted
[f]
LPMBL25 		Monthly 12 month growth rate of monthly average of amounts outstanding (on Wednesdays) of Bank of England Banking Department sterling reserves balance liabilities (in sterling millions) not seasonally adjusted

LPMBL27 		Monthly 1 month growth rate of total sterling notes and coin in circulation outside the Bank of England (in percent) seasonally adjusted
[c] [e]
LPMVQUT 		Monthly 12 month growth rate of total sterling notes and coin in circulation outside the Bank of England (in percent) seasonally adjusted
[c] [e]
LPMVQUU 		Monthly 3 month growth rate (annualised) of total sterling notes and coin in circulation outside the Bank of England (in percent) seasonally adjusted
[g]
LPMVQUV
31 Jan 08 48888 393 23779 -90 -0.4 20.3 26.7 0.8 6.3 5.3
29 Feb 08 49223 335 22801 -978 -4.1 -7.6 29 0.7 6.6 7.6
31 Mar 08 49550 327 25688 2888 12.7 34.2 45.2 0.7 6.7 9
30 Apr 08 49666 116 26647 958 3.7 57.7 46.8 0.2 6.7 6.5
31 May 08 49826 160 27511 864 3.2 112 56.8 0.3 6 5
30 Jun 08 50022 196 28319 808 2.9 47.7 57.9 0.4 5.7 3.9
31 Jul 08 50194 173 27942 -377 -1.3 20.9 25.4 0.3 5.8 4.3
31 Aug 08 50193 -2 28696 754 2.7 18.4 56.5 0 5.1 3
30 Sep 08 50602 409 36309 7613 26.5 170.2 47.2 0.8 5.2 4.7
31 Oct 08 51131 529 48367 12058 33.2 797.8 113 1 6 7.7
30 Nov 08 51607 476 45621 -2746 -5.7 538.8 96.2 0.9 6.8 11.8
31 Dec 08 51941 334 43098 -2523 -5.5 98.5 80.6 0.6 7.1 11
31 Jan 09 52957 430 40425 -2673 -6.2 -51.2 70 0.8 7.1 10.1
28 Feb 09 53286 329 39467 -959 -2.4 -44 73.1 0.6 7.1 8.7
31 Mar 09 53670 383 40758 1292 3.3 -20 58.7 0.7 7.1 9
30 Apr 09 53948 278 71314 30555 75 868.5 167.6 0.5 7.4 7.7
31 May 09 54044 97 98689 27375 38.4 3809.8 258.7 0.2 7.3 5.8
30 Jun 09 54113 68 125383 26695 27 8855.5 342.8 0.1 7 3.3
31 Jul 09 54271 158 152083 26700 21.3 1968.4 444.3 0.3 6.9 2.4
31 Aug 09 54413 143 142932 -9152 -6 340 398.1 0.3 7.2 2.8
30 Sep 09 54778 365 137382 -5550 -3.9 44.1 278.4 0.7 7.1 5
31 Oct 09 55033 255 143626 6244 4.5 -20.5 196.9 0.5 6.4 5.7
30 Nov 09 55016 33 148830 5205 3.6 17.6 226.2 0.1 5.5 4.9
31 Dec 09 55688 793 145830 -3000 -2 27 238.4 1.4 6.4 8.1
31 Jan 10 56197 508 153796 7965 5.5 31.5 280.4 0.9 6.4 10.1
28 Feb 10 56270 73 156405 2609 1.7 22 296.3 0.1 5.9 10.4
31 Mar 10 56572 303 152275 -4130 -2.6 18.9 273.6 0.5 5.7 6.5
30 Apr 10 56858 285 151883 -392 -0.3 -4.9 113 0.5 5.7 4.8
31 May 10 57069 211 150950 -933 -0.6 -13.2 53 0.4 5.9 5.8
30 Jun 10 57297 229 149737 -1214 -0.8 -6.5 19.4 0.4 6.2 5.2
31 Jul 10 56830 -468 150051 314 0.2 -4.7 -1.3 -0.8 5 -0.2
31 Aug 10 57049 219 150370 319 0.2 -1.5 5.2 0.4 5.2 -0.1
30 Sep 10 57226 178 144380 -5990 -4 -13.6 5.1 0.3 4.8 -0.5
31 Oct 10 57342 115 143153 -1226 -0.8 -17.2 -0.3 0.2 4.5 3.7
30 Nov 10 57310 -31 143494 340 0.2 -17.1 -3.6 -0.1 4.4 1.8
31 Dec 10 57865 555 139953 -3540 -2.5 -11.7 -4 1 3.9 4.5
31 Jan 11 58295 430 139245 -708 -0.5 -10.5 -9.5 0.7 3.7 6.8
28 Feb 11 58369 74 138500 -746 -0.5 -13.2 -11.4 0.1 3.7 7.6
31 Mar 11 58557 188 135420 -3080 -2.2 -12.3 -11.1 0.3 3.5 4.9
30 Apr 11 58928 371 132537 -2883 -2.1 -17.9 -12.7 0.6 3.6 4.4
31 May 11 59304 376 131523 -1014 -0.8 -18.7 -12.9 0.6 3.9 6.6
30 Jun 11 59624 321 128903 -2620 -2 -17.9 -13.9 0.5 4.1 7.5
31 Jul 11 59838 214 127196 -1708 -1.3 -15.2 -15.2 0.4 5.3 6.3
31 Aug 11 60113 275 127632 437 0.3 -11.3 -15.1 0.5 5.4 5.6
30 Sep 11 60311 198 124730 -2902 -2.3 -12.3 -13.6 0.3 5.4 4.7
31 Oct 11 60818 507 131759 7029 5.6 15.1 -8 0.8 6.1 6.7
30 Nov 11 60996 178 151509 19750 15 98.6 5.6 0.3 6.4 6
31 Dec 11 61188 193 163905 12397 8.2 198.2 17.1 0.3 5.7 5.9
31 Jan 12 61351 163 173512 9607 5.9 200.7 24.6 0.3 5.2 3.6
29 Feb 12 61569 218 189319 15807 9.1 143.8 36.7 0.4 5.5 3.8
31 Mar 12 61806 238 202273 12954 6.8 131.9 49.4 0.4 5.5 4.1
30 Apr 12 61874 67 218099 15826 7.8 149.6 64.6 0.1 5 3.5
31 May 12 62104 230 230390 12291 5.6 119.3 75.2 0.4 4.7 3.5
30 Jun 12 62407 303 228207 -2183 -0.9 62 77 0.5 4.7 3.9
31 Jul 12 62766 359 235349 7142 3.1 35.6 85 0.6 4.9 5.9
31 Aug 12 63186 420 251655 16306 6.9 42.4 97.2 0.7 5.1 7.2
30 Sep 12 63213 27 262294 10638 4.2 74.5 110.3 0 4.8 5.3
31 Oct 12 63408 195 274873 12579 4.8 86.1 108.6 0.3 4.3 4.2
30 Nov 12 63534 126 281259 6387 2.3 56 85.6 0.2 4.2 2.2
31 Dec 12 63754 219 275684 -5575 -2 22 68.2 0.3 4.2 3.5
31 Jan 13 64052 298 274377 -1307 -0.5 -0.7 58.1 0.5 4.4 4.1
28 Feb 13 64357 305 277302 2925 1.1 -5.5 46.5 0.5 4.5 5.3
31 Mar 13 64741 384 278693 1391 0.5 4.4 37.8 0.6 4.7 6.3
30 Apr 13 65057 316 285130 6436 2.3 16.6 30.7 0.5 5.1 6.4
31 May 13 65361 304 288784 3654 1.3 17.6 25.3 0.5 5.2 6.4
30 Jun 13 65539 179 289740 956 0.3 16.8 27 0.3 5 5
31 Jul 13 65759 220 293575 3836 1.3 12.4 24.7 0.3 4.8 4.4
31 Aug 13 66013 254 296482 2907 1 11.1 17.8 0.4 4.5 4.1
30 Sep 13 66120 107 295104 -1378 -0.5 7.6 12.5 0.2 4.6 3.6
31 Oct 13 66247 126 299561 4457 1.5 8.4 9 0.2 4.5 3
30 Nov 13 66473 226 302225 2664 0.9 8 7.5 0.3 4.6 2.8
31 Dec 13 66713 240 298828 -3397 -1.1 5.1 8.4 0.4 4.6 3.6
31 Jan 14 66810 97 300032 1205 0.4 0.6 9.4 0.1 4.3 3.4
28 Feb 14 66983 174 304469 4437 1.5 3 9.8 0.3 4.1 3.1
31 Mar 14 67123 140 300341 -4128 -1.4 2 7.8 0.2 3.7 2.5
30 Apr 14 67513 390 301449 1108 0.4 1.9 5.7 0.6 3.8 4.3
31 May 14 67758 244 304891 3442 1.1 0.6 5.6 0.4 3.7 4.7
30 Jun 14 67954 197 304105 -787 -0.3 5.1 5 0.3 3.7 5
31 Jul 14 68139 185 303621 -484 -0.2 2.9 3.4 0.3 3.6 3.8
31 Aug 14 68494 355 303570 -51 0 -1.7 2.4 0.5 3.8 4.4
30 Sep 14 68943 449 292432 -11138 -3.7 -14.5 -0.9 0.7 4.3 5.9
31 Oct 14 69421 478 299984 7552 2.6 -4.7 0.1 0.7 4.8 7.7
30 Nov 14 69899 478 304391 4408 1.5 1.1 0.7 0.7 5.2 8.5
31 Dec 14 70296 397 300587 -3804 -1.2 11.6 0.6 0.6 5.4 8.1
31 Jan 15 70710 414 303573 2986 1 4.9 1.2 0.6 5.8 7.6
28 Feb 15 71079 369 306701 3128 1 3.1 0.7 0.5 6.1 6.9
31 Mar 15 71410 331 305112 -1589 -0.5 6.2 1.6 0.5 6.4 6.5
30 Apr 15 71618 208 308012 2900 1 6 2.2 0.3 6.1 5.2
31 May 15 71932 313 315381 7369 2.4 11.8 3.4 0.4 6.2 4.9
30 Jun 15 72251 319 315525 143 0 14.4 3.8 0.4 6.3 4.8
31 Jul 15 72484 233 316355 830 0.3 11.3 4.2 0.3 6.4 4.9
31 Aug 15 72807 324 317491 1136 0.4 2.7 4.6 0.4 6.3 5
30 Sep 15 73054 247 308627 -8864 -2.8 -8.5 5.5 0.3 6 4.5
31 Oct 15 73432 378 315244 6617 2.1 -1.4 5.1 0.5 5.8 5.3
30 Nov 15 73757 326 315332 88 0 -2.7 3.6 0.4 5.5 5.3
31 Dec 15 73964 206 305858 -9474 -3 -3.5 1.8 0.3 5.2 5.1
31 Jan 16 74454 491 313494 7636 2.5 -2.2 3.3 0.7 5.3 5.7
29 Feb 16 75267 812 315819 2325 0.7 0.6 3 1.1 5.9 8.4
31 Mar 16 75915 649 314101 -1718 -0.5 11.2 2.9 0.9 6.3 11
30 Apr 16 76547 632 318432 4331 1.4 6.5 3.4 0.8 6.9 11.7
31 May 16 77072 525 317832 -600 -0.2 2.6 0.8 0.7 7.1 9.9
30 Jun 16 77702 630 316133 -1699 -0.5 2.6 0.2 0.8 7.5 9.8
31 Jul 16 78432 730 318926 2793 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.9 8.2 10.2
31 Aug 16 78985 554 325692 6767 2.1 10.3 2.6 0.7 8.5 10.3
30 Sep 16 79479 493 320935 -4758 -1.5 6.2 4 0.6 8.8 9.5
31 Oct 16 79916 437 336625 15690 4.9 24.1 6.8 0.6 8.8 7.8
30 Nov 16 80381 465 352619 15994 4.8 37.4 11.8 0.6 9 7.3
31 Dec 16 80830 449 367544 14924 4.2 72 20.2 0.6 9.3 7
31 Jan 17 81245 415 380671 13128 3.6 63.5 21.4 0.5 9.1 6.8
28 Feb 17 81529 283 399476 18805 4.9 64.7 26.5 0.3 8.3 5.8
31 Mar 17 81605 76 415059 15583 3.9 62.6 32.1 0.1 7.5 3.9
30 Apr 17 82036 430 431208 16149 3.9 64.6 35.4 0.5 7.2 3.9
31 May 17 82139 103 437395 6187 1.4 43.7 37.6 0.1 6.6 3
30 Jun 17 82179 40 439982 2587 0.6 26.3 39.2 0 5.8 2.8
31 Jul 17 82157 -22 446961 6979 1.6 15.4 40.1 0 4.7 0.6
31 Aug 17 82114 -43 447672 711 0.2 9.7 37.5 -0.1 4 -0.1
30 Sep 17 82199 86 441318 -6355 -1.4 1.2 37.5 0.1 3.4 0.1
31 Oct 17 82168 -31 456269 14951 3.4 8.6 35.5 0 2.8 0.1
30 Nov 17 82071 -97 457683 1414 0.3 9.2 29.8 -0.1 2.1 -0.2
31 Dec 17 81942 -129 461471 3788 0.8 19.6 25.6 -0.2 1.4 -1.2
31 Jan 18 81761 -182 469224 7753 1.7 11.9 23.3 -0.2 0.6 -2
28 Feb 18 81595 -165 481382 12158 2.6 22.4 20.5 -0.2 0.1 -2.3
31 Mar 18 81275 -320 477273 -4109 -0.9 14.4 15 -0.4 -0.4 -3.2
30 Apr 18 81501 226 491975 14702 3.1 20.9 14.1 0.3 -0.7 -1.3
31 May 18 81511 10 493439 1464 0.3 10.4 12.8 0 -0.8 -0.4
30 Jun 18 81648 137 488956 -4483 -0.9 10.2 11.1 0.2 -0.6 1.9
31 Jul 18 81763 115 487315 -1641 -0.3 -3.7 9 0.1 -0.5 1.3
31 Aug 18 81797 34 489717 2402 0.5 -3 9.4 0 -0.4 1.4
30 Sep 18 81933 136 488734 -983 -0.2 -0.2 10.7 0.2 -0.3 1.4
31 Oct 18 81874 -59 491451 2717 0.6 3.4 7.7 -0.1 -0.4 0.5
30 Nov 18 81944 69 489496 -1955 -0.4 -0.2 7 0.1 -0.2 0.7
31 Dec 18 82123 180 485767 -3729 -0.8 -2.4 5.3 0.2 0.2 0.9
31 Jan 19 82253 129 487824 2057 0.4 -2.9 4 0.2 0.6 1.9
28 Feb 19 82421 168 490517 2693 0.6 0.8 1.9 0.2 1 2.4
31 Mar 19 82414 -7 475034 -15483 -3.2 -8.5 -0.5 0 1.4 1.4
30 Apr 19 82513 99 488981 13947 2.9 1 -0.6 0.1 1.2 1.3
31 May 19 82520 7 492419 3438 0.7 1.6 -0.2 0 1.2 0.5
30 Jun 19 82758 238 489726 -2694 -0.5 13 0.2 0.3 1.4 1.7
31 Jul 19 82934 176 486224 -3501 -0.7 -2.2 -0.2 0.2 1.4 2.1
31 Aug 19 83103 169 484818 -1406 -0.3 -6 -1 0.2 1.6 2.9
30 Sep 19 83136 33 471211 -13607 -2.8 -14.3 -3.6 0 1.5 1.8
31 Oct 19 83092 -45 483996 12785 2.7 -1.8 -1.5 -0.1 1.5 0.8
30 Nov 19 82797 -294 484971 975 0.2 0.1 -0.9 -0.4 1 -1.5
31 Dec 19 82646 -151 478799 -6172 -1.3 6.6 -1.4 -0.2 0.6 -2.3
31 Jan 20 82648 2 474445 -4354 -0.9 -7.7 -2.7 0 0.5 -2.1
29 Feb 20 82502 -146 475961 1516 0.3 -7.2 -3 -0.2 0.1 -1.4
31 Mar 20 82534 33 468995 -6966 -1.5 -7.9 -1.3 0 0.1 -0.5
30 Apr 20 82542 8 552371 83376 17.8 83.7 13 0 0 -0.5
31 May 20 83833 1291 635849 83478 15.1 218.5 29.1 1.6 1.6 6.6
30 Jun 20 86139 2306 680497 44647 7 343.2 39 2.8 4.1 18.6
31 Jul 20 87681 1542 705222 24726 3.6 165.7 45 1.8 5.7 27.3
31 Aug 20 88406 725 727231 22008 3.1 71.1 50 0.8 6.4 23.7
30 Sep 20 88888 482 725714 -1517 -0.2 29.3 54 0.5 6.9 13.4
31 Oct 20 89403 515 746770 21056 2.9 25.7 54.3 0.6 7.6 8.1
30 Nov 20 89834 431 766641 19871 2.7 23.5 58.1 0.5 8.5 6.6
31 Dec 20 90261 427 769729 3088 0.4 26.6 60.8 0.5 9.2 6.3
31 Jan 21 92197 1936 771576 1847 0.2 14 62.6 2.1 11.6 13.1
28 Feb 21 93151 955 792095 20519 2.7 14 66.4 1 12.9 15.6
31 Mar 21 93455 303 798774 6679 0.8 16 70.3 0.3 13.2 14.9
30 Apr 21 94890 1435 808703 9929 1.2 20.7 46.4 1.5 15 12.2
31 May 21 95066 177 827960 19257 2.4 19.4 30.2 0.2 13.4 8.5
30 Jun 21 95113 46 828269 309 0 15.6 21.7 0 10.4 7.3
31 Jul 21 95131 18 843451 15182 1.8 18.3 19.6 0 8.5 1
31 Aug 21 95250 119 851666 8215 1 12 17.1 0.1 7.7 0.8
30 Sep 21 95442 193 853501 1835 0.2 12.8 17.6 0.2 7.4 1.4
31 Oct 21 95602 159 899182 45681 5.4 29.2 20.4 0.2 6.9 2
30 Nov 21 95624 22 965104 65922 7.3 64.9 25.9 0 6.4 1.6
31 Dec 21 94988 -636 970294 5190 0.5 67 26.1 -0.7 5.2 -1.9
31 Jan 22 95327 339 976913 6619 0.7 39.3 26.6 0.4 3.4 -1.1
28 Feb 22 95256 -71 975318 -1595 -0.2 4.3 23.1 -0.1 2.3 -1.5
31 Mar 22 95136 -120 951949 -23369 -2.4 -7.4 19.2 -0.1 1.8 0.6
30 Apr 22 95048 -87 952035 86 0 -9.8 17.7 -0.1 0.2 -1.2
31 May 22 95048 -1 952602 567 0.1 -9 15.1 0 0 -0.9
30 Jun 22 94951 -96 951450 -1152 -0.1 -0.2 14.9 -0.1 -0.2 -0.8
31 Jul 22 94790 -162 945666 -5784 -0.6 -2.6 12.1 -0.2 -0.4 -1.1
31 Aug 22 94695 -95 950478 4812 0.5 -0.9 11.6 -0.1 -0.6 -1.5
30 Sep 22 94462 -233 943049 -7429 -0.8 -3.5 10.5 -0.2 -1 -2
31 Oct 22 93854 -608 952491 9441 1 2.9 5.9 -0.6 -1.8 -3.9
30 Nov 22 93682 -172 951418 -1073 -0.1 0.4 -1.4 -0.2 -2 -4.2
31 Dec 22 93946 264 935331 -16087 -1.7 -3.2 -3.6 0.3 -1.1 -2.2
31 Jan 23 94276 330 920933 -14397 -1.5 -12.6 -5.7 0.4 -1.1 1.8
28 Feb 23 94361 85 913734 -7199 -0.8 -14.9 -6.3 0.1 -0.9 2.9
31 Mar 23 94142 -218 907540 -6195 -0.7 -11.4 -4.7 -0.2 -1 0.8
30 Apr 23 94076 -66 894516 -13024 -1.4 -11 -6 -0.1 -1 -0.8
31 May 23 94096 20 883317 -11199 -1.3 -12.7 -7.3 0 -1 -1.1
30 Jun 23 94115 19 876014 -7303 -0.8 -13.2 -7.9 0 -0.9 -0.1
31 Jul 23 94065 -50 858807 -17207 -2 -15 -9.2 -0.1 -0.8 0
31 Aug 23 93965 -100 839545 -19263 -2.2 -18.4 -11.7 -0.1 -0.8 -0.6
30 Sep 23 93909 -56 820247 -19297 -2.3 -23.1 -13 -0.1 -0.6 -0.9
31 Oct 23 94124 215 815552 -4695 -0.6 -18.7 -14.4 0.2 0.3 0.3
30 Nov 23 94227 103 806133 -9420 -1.2 -15 -15.3 0.1 0.6 1.1
31 Dec 23 94475 248 804025 -2107 -0.3 -7.7 -14 0.3 0.6 2.4
31 Jan 24 94903 427 794081 -9944 -1.2 -10.1 -13.8 0.5 0.7 3.4
29 Feb 24 95131 228 787895 -6187 -0.8 -8.7 -13.8 0.2 0.8 3.9
31 Mar 24 95027 -104 790084 2189 0.3 -6.8 -12.9 -0.1 0.9 2.4
30 Apr 24 95700 672 787534 -2550 -0.3 -3.3 -12 0.7 1.7 3.4
31 May 24 95354 -346 765834 -21700 -2.8 -10.7 -13.3 -0.4 1.3 0.9
30 Jun 24 95684 330 767821 1988 0.3 -10.8 -12.4 0.3 1.7 2.8
31 Jul 24 95956 272 759800 -8021 -1 -13.4 -11.5 0.3 2 1.1
31 Aug 24 96152 196 758209 -1591 -0.2 -3.9 -9.7 0.2 2.3 3.4
30 Sep 24 96475 323 742407 -15802 -2.1 -12.6 -9.5 0.3 2.7 3.3
31 Oct 24 96728 253 727107 -15300 -2.1 -16.1 -10.8 0.3 2.8 3.3
30 Nov 24 97102 373 728574 1467 0.2 -14.7 -9.6 0.4 3.1 4
31 Dec 24 97400 299 717631 -10943 -1.5 -12.7 -10.7 0.3 3.1 3.9
31 Jan 25 97762 361 711916 -5715 -0.8 -8.1 -10.3 0.4 3 4.3
28 Feb 25 98459 697 710511 -1404 -0.2 -9.6 -9.8 0.7 3.5 5.7
31 Mar 25 98762 303 697244 -13267 -1.9 -10.9 -11.8 0.3 3.9 5.7
30 Apr 25 99136 374 692923 -4321 -0.6 -10.3 -12 0.4 3.6 5.7
31 May 25 99551 415 693517 594 0.1 -9.2 -9.4 0.4 4.4 4.5
30 Jun 25 99943 392 676441 -17075 -2.5 -11.4 -11.9 0.4 4.5 4.9
31 Jul 25 100446 503 676474 33 0 -9.2 -11 0.5 4.7 5.4
31 Aug 25 101026 581 671099 -5375 -0.8 -12.3 -11.5 0.6 5.1 6.1
30 Sep 25 101579 553 659537 -11562 -1.7 -9.6 -11.2 0.5 5.3 6.7
31 Oct 25 102179 600 651499 -8039 -1.2 -14 -10.4 0.6 5.6 7.1
30 Nov 25 102720 540 652094 595 0.1 -10.9 -10.5 0.5 5.8 6.9

Change date range from: to:

Notes:

[a] Average of amounts outstanding at close of business on Wednesdays within the calendar month.

[b] From November 2009 notes and coin in circulation represents all holdings outside the Bank of England (including those in banks' and building societies' tills), but excluding backing assets for commercial banknote issue in Scotland and Northern Ireland. The effects of the change in definition have been removed from the flows (changes) data. For details, see the October 2009 article in Monetary & Financial Statistics at http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/statistics/documents/ms/articles/art1oct09.pdf.

[c] The seasonal adjustment of this series is under review due to changes in patterns of trading day and holiday effects, particularly from 2013 onwards.

[d] Changes to the method of seasonal adjustment took effect from the publication of July 2019 data. For further details, see: https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/statistics/details/further-details-about-notes-and-coin-and-reserves-balances-data. (31 Jan 2009 onward)

[e] All seasonal adjustment methods are subject to regular review and the methodology for the Notes & Coins data was updated in June 2021. Historical data has been revised for the new methodology applied. For further details, see https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/statistics/details/further-details-about-seasonal-adjustment-data (30 Jun 2021)

[f] Growth rates for reserve balances are shown for the series which is an average of the balances at close of business on Wednesdays within the calendar month - LPMBL22.

[g] A change in the reporting of notes and coin in relation to the days of the week on which Bank Holidays fall is affecting the pattern of trading day factors. This is impacting on the quality of the seasonal adjustment of these series, which will therefore be kept under review.

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